Shape-morphing structures based on perforated kirigami

Shape-morphing structures, which are able to change their shapes from one state another, important in a wide range of engineering applications. A popular scenario is morphing an initial two-dimensional (2D) shape that flat three-dimensional (3D) target shape. One the exciting manufacturing paradigms transforming 2D sheets with prescribed cuts (i.e. kirigami) into 3D structures. By employing formalism 'tapered elastica' equation, we develop inverse design framework predict cut pattern would generate desired axisymmetric Our previous work has shown tessellated structures can be achieved by designing both width and thickness sheet have particular tapered designs. However, fabrication sample variable quite challenging. Here propose new strategy -- perforating but uniform introduce distribution porosity. We refer this as perforated kirigami show how porosity function calculated our theoretical model. The easily realized laser cutting modifies bending stiffness yield elastic deformation upon buckling. To verify approach, conduct finite element simulations physical experiments. also examine loading-bearing capacity morphed via indentation tests FEM As example, relationship between measured geometric rigidity half-ellipsoids aspect ratio investigated details.